ADL5960
ADL5960 10 MHz to 20 GHz, Integrated Vector Network Analyzer Front-End Linux Driver.
Supported Devices
Evaluation Boards
Description
The ADL5960 is a wideband, vector network analyzer front-end that consists of a bidirectional bridge, downconverters, programmable IF amplifiers, and a configurable local oscillator (LO) interface.
This is a Linux industrial I/O (Linux Industrial I/O Subsystem) subsystem driver, targeting integrated Vector Network Analyzer Front-Ends. The industrial I/O subsystem provides a unified framework for drivers for many different types of converters and sensors using a number of different physical interfaces (i2c, spi, etc). See Linux Industrial I/O Subsystem for more information.
Source Code
Status
Files
Function |
File |
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|---|---|---|
driver |
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Documentation |
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Documentation |
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dt-bindings |
Documentation/devicetree/bindings/iio/frequency/adi,adl5960.yaml |
Unlike PCI or USB devices, SPI devices are not enumerated at the hardware level. Instead, the software must know which devices are connected on each SPI bus segment, and what slave selects these devices are using. For this reason, the kernel code must instantiate SPI devices explicitly. The most common method is to declare the SPI devices by bus number.
This method is appropriate when the SPI bus is a system bus, as in many
embedded systems, wherein each SPI bus has a number which is known in advance.
It is thus possible to pre-declare the SPI devices that inhabit this bus. This
is done with an array of struct spi_board_info, which is registered by
calling spi_register_board_info().
For more information see: Overview of Linux kernel SPI support
Devicetree properties
compatible:
enum:
- adi,adl5960
reg:
maxItems: 1
spi-max-frequency:
maximum: 50000000
clocks:
description:
Definition of the external clock (see clock/clock-bindings.txt)
minItems: 2
clock-names:
items:
- const: lo_in
- const: offs_in
maxItems: 2
lo_in-clock-scales:
description:
The Common Clock Framework max rate is limited by MAX of unsigned long.
For ADL5960 device this is a deficiency. If specified, this
property allows arbitrary scales. The first element in the array should
be the multiplier and the second element should be the divider.
$ref: /schemas/types.yaml#/definitions/uint32-array
minimum: 1
avcc-supply:
description:
analog voltage regulator (see regulator/regulator.txt)
'#clock-cells':
const: 0
required:
- compatible
- reg
- clocks
- clock-names
Example
spi {
adl5960-1@0 {
compatible = "adi,adl5960";
reg = <0>;
spi-max-frequency = <12500000>;
/* Clocks */
clocks = <&adf5610>, <&ad9528 4>;
clock-names = "lo_in", "offs_in";
lo_in-clock-scales = <1 10>;
label = "adl5960-1";
};
};
Adding Linux driver support
Configure kernel with make menuconfig (alternatively use make xconfig or
make qconfig)
Note
The ADL5960 Driver depends on CONFIG_SPI
Linux Kernel Configuration
Device Drivers --->
<*> Industrial I/O support --->
--- Industrial I/O support
RF Font-Ends --->
<*> Analog Devices ADL5960 Vector Network Analyzer Front-End"
Hardware configuration
Each and every IIO device, typically a hardware chip, has a device folder under
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX. Where X is the IIO index of the device. Under
every of these directory folders reside a set of files, depending on the
characteristics and features of the hardware device in question. These files
are consistently generalized and documented in the IIO ABI documentation. In
order to determine which IIO deviceX corresponds to which hardware device, the
user can read the name file /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/name. In case
the sequence in which the iio device drivers are loaded/registered is constant,
the numbering is constant and may be known in advance.
root@analog:~# cd /sys/bus/iio/devices/
root@analog:/sys/bus/iio/devices# ls
iio:device0 iio:device10 iio:device12 iio:device14 iio:device16 iio:device18 iio:device3 iio:device5 iio:device7 iio:device9
iio:device1 iio:device11 iio:device13 iio:device15 iio:device17 iio:device2 iio:device4 iio:device6 iio:device8 iio_sysfs_trigger
root@analog:/sys/bus/iio/devices# grep "" /name
iio:device0/name:ams
iio:device1/name:adrf5720
iio:device10/name:adl5960
iio:device11/name:adl5960
iio:device12/name:adl5960
iio:device13/name:adl5960
iio:device14/name:adl5960
iio:device15/name:admv8818
iio:device16/name:iio-gen-mux
iio:device17/name:iio-gen-mux
iio:device18/name:admv8818
iio:device2/name:adrf5720
iio:device3/name:ad9528
iio:device4/name:adf5610
iio:device5/name:axi-ad9083-rx-hpc
iio:device6/name:one-bit-adc-dac
iio:device7/name:adl5960
iio:device8/name:adl5960
iio:device9/name:adl5960
root@analog:/sys/bus/iio/devices# cd iio:device7
root@analog:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device7# ls -al
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 0 Mar 30 11:21 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 0 Mar 30 11:21 ..
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 dev
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage0_lo_frequency
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage0_lo_mode
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage0_lo_mode_available
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage1_if_frequency
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage1_offset_frequency
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage1_offset_mode
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_altvoltage1_offset_mode_available
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 in_temp0_input
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 label
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 name
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 30 11:21 of_node -> ../../../../../../../../firmware/devicetree/base/fpga-axi@0/spi@88100000/adl5960-1@0
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 out_voltage0_forward_hardwaregain
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 out_voltage1_reverse_hardwaregain
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 out_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 out_voltage_hardwaregain_available
drwxrwxrwx 2 root root 0 Mar 30 11:21 power
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Mar 30 11:21 subsystem -> ../../../../../../../../bus/iio
-rw-rw-rw- 1 root root 4096 Mar 30 11:21 uevent
root@analog:/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:device7#
LO Frequency
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage0_lo_frequency
Description: Stores the Local Oscillator (LO) frequency in Hz. Reading returns the actual frequency in Hz. The values take the in_altvoltage0_lo_mode into account.
LO Mode
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage0_lo_mode
Description: The frequency divider and multipliers in the LO interface
enable measurement sweeps beyond the operating frequency range of the source
driving the (LOP, LOM) pins. This enables operation over the full 20 GHz
bandwidth of the ADL5960 using a 6 GHz synthesizer as the LO source.
This attribute Configures the LO path multiplier/divider or bypass. Reading returns the actual mode.
Available LO Modes
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage0_lo_mode_available
Description: Reading this returns the valid values that can be written to
the in_altvoltage0_lo_mode attribute:
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
bypass |
Bypasses the IF frequency mixer |
x1 |
The external applied LO frequency is directly passed into the mixer |
x2 |
The external applied LO frequency is doubled and passed into the mixer |
x4 |
The external applied LO frequency is quadrupled and passed into the mixer |
/2 |
The external applied LO frequency is divided and passed into the mixer |
Offset Frequency
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage1_offset_frequency
Description: Stores the Offset frequency applied to the OFP, OFM inputs in
Hz. Reading returns the actual frequency in Hz. The values do not take the
in_altvoltage1_offset_mode into account. Please see in_altvoltage1_if_frequency.
Offset Frequency Modes
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage1_offset_mode
Description: This attribute Configures the Offset path divider and modes.
Reading returns the actual mode.
Available Offset Frequency Modes
What:
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage1_offset_mode_available
Description: Reading this returns the valid values that can be written to
the in_altvoltage1_offset_mode attribute:
Value |
Description |
|---|---|
bypass |
Bypasses the IF frequency mixer |
off |
Dividers are off, offset signal is disconnected |
x1 |
The external applied OFFS frequency is directly passed into the mixer |
/2 |
The external applied OFFS frequency is divided by 2 and passed into the mixer |
/4 |
The external applied OFFS frequency is divided by 4 and passed into the mixer |
IF Frequency
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_altvoltage1_if_frequency
Description: Stores the IF frequency applied to IF frequency offset mixer in
Hz. Reading returns the actual frequency in Hz. The values take the
in_altvoltage1_offset_mode into account.
Forward Gain
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/out_voltage0_forward_hardwaregain
Description: Stores the gain of the IF amplifier in the Forward path, to the
(IFFP, IFFM) output, in 6dB steps. Reading returns the actual gain in dB.
Reflected Gain
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/out_voltage1_reverse_hardwaregain
Description: Stores the gain of the IF amplifier in the Reverse path, to the
(IFRP, IFRM) output, in 6dB steps. Reading returns the actual gain in dB.
IF Filter Cutoff Frequency
What:
/sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/out_voltage_filter_low_pass_3db_frequency
Description: Stores the corner frequency of the narrow (CIF2) & wideband
(CIF1) bandwidth IF filter in Hz. Reading returns the actual frequency in Hz.
Device Temperature
What: /sys/bus/iio/devices/iio:deviceX/in_temp0_input Description:
Scaled device (die) temperature measurement in milli degrees Celsius.